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Scottish Women's Hospital at Royaumont
Scottish Women's Hospital at Royaumont was a medical hospital during World War I active from January 1915 to March 1919 operated by Scottish Women's Hospitals(SWH), under the direction of the French Red Cross and located at Royaumont Abbey. The Abbey is a former Cistercian abbey, located near Asnières-sur-Oise in Val-d'Oise, approximately 30 km north of Paris, France. The hospital was started by Dr Frances Ivens and founder of SWH, Dr Elsie Maud Inglis. It was especially noted for its performance treating soldiers involved in the Battle of the Somme.
The hospital was officially known as the Hôpital Auxiliaire 301 and was never affiliated with the British military or British Red Cross. The soldiers treated at Royaumont were mostly French with some Senegalese and North Africans from the French colonial troops.〔 It was not the only facility of its kind; other female hospital units in France include the Women's Hospital Corps established by Louisa Garrett Anderson and Flora Murray and the Women's Imperial Service League established by Florence Stoney in Paris and Boulogne, but SWH was the largest such group with other locations in Serbia, Greece, Romania, and Corsica.〔 Royaumont was the largest British voluntary hospital, one of the closest such hospital to the front line, and the only one to operate continuously from January 1915 to March 1919.〔
==Beginings==
The SWH initially organized two units of 100 beds each to be entirely staffed by women partially funded by the affiliated National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies. The UK War Office and the British Red Cross turned down the offered units and the women turned to the French and Belgian Red Cross. Vicomtess de la Panouse, wife of the French military attaché to the French embassy in London helped the group identify Royaumont Abbey, the property of Edouard Goüin. Goüin was a rich industrialist and philanthropist whose poor health rendered him unable to fight and offering the use of the facility was to be part of his contribution to the war.〔Weiner, M-F. "The Scottish Women’s Hospital at Royaumont", J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2014; 44: 328–36〕
Although the facility was not ready to be used as a hospital, Dr Ivens was very happy with the location, writing in 1817: "Although within sounds of the guns, its architectural beauty and the forest scenery in the neighborhood made it an ideal spot in which the wounded soldiers could forget for a time the horrors and discomfort of war,"〔 When overfilled, patients were occasionally carted outdoors between May and October. Noticing that patients so placed recovered more quickly, doctors later accommodated patients outside to increase exposure to sunlight.〔
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